regain the trust of his teenage son, Jack who is frustrated that his father has been gone for so long. In a very shocking final chapter the federal military arrives with a firing squad to John's ranch. John is able to help his son and wife escape and then faces the firing squad, where he is shot to his death. The game then fast forwards some five years where John's son Jack is now the protagonist with the ability to explore the game. There are various side quests still available which include hunting and killing the federal director who betrayed John. I found this to be a very abrupt and upsetting ending for the likable character of John Marsten.
Thursday, August 26, 2021
Game Review: Red Dead Redemption
regain the trust of his teenage son, Jack who is frustrated that his father has been gone for so long. In a very shocking final chapter the federal military arrives with a firing squad to John's ranch. John is able to help his son and wife escape and then faces the firing squad, where he is shot to his death. The game then fast forwards some five years where John's son Jack is now the protagonist with the ability to explore the game. There are various side quests still available which include hunting and killing the federal director who betrayed John. I found this to be a very abrupt and upsetting ending for the likable character of John Marsten.
Thursday, August 12, 2021
Historical Study: Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
The film is no doubt an over fabrication of the actual event that happened (which is the case for most movies) but still brought to light several interesting things for me. The first was regarding the "cowboy" gang that existed in the Arizona region during the 1870s. This band of outlaws is often considered one of America's first organized crime syndicates, many years prior to the iconic mafias of the 1920s. This movie especially accentuates the lawlessness that occurred during this time, where small towns such as Deadwood, Dodge City, or Tombstone were truly battlefields. Outlaws and bandits ran freely with no regulations on firearms, and it took strong sheriffs and lawmen to stand up to them. It was Wyatt Earp, his brothers Virgil and Morgan, and their friend Doc Holliday who famously stood up the lawlessness within the region.
The Cochise County Cowboys
It's funny how our depiction of a cowboy is usually some sort of sharp-shooting hero portrayed by movie stars such as John Wayne or Clint Eastwood. However the term originally began as someone who rustled cows within a ranch. This became a very essential and prosperous trade in the west where the vast array of land was ideal for herding cows. However it often required people with more rugged and outdoorsmen skills, especially when moving a herd from one location to another. Considering this profession it's no surprise that the term "cowboy" quickly expanded beyond rustlers into anyone who had a rugged persona. These characters became common place in the lawlessness of the Wild West, and while there were good cowboys there were also bad cowboys.
By the time Wyatt Earp arrived in the city of Tombstone in 1879, it was completely under the control of the Cochise County Cowboys. The city was a breeding ground of casinos and lawlessness and it took Wyatt Earp and his brothers to establish some order. Around this time it was estimated the gang had around 300 members including notorious members such as Billy Claiborne, Ike Clanton, Billy Clanton, Curly Bill Brocious, and Johnny Ringo. The dispute between the gang and the Earps hit it's boiling point when Virgil Earp became the town's sheriff and established a weapon ordinance prohibiting firearms in town.
Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday
Arguably one of the most famous figures of the Old West, Wyatt Earp lived a very adventurous life as a lawman and gambler. He traveled throughout many booming towns in the west seeking fortune and fame and certaintly did acheive this and more. Born in Illinois, 1848 his first true rise to fame was in 1874 as a lawman in the booming city of Wichita, Kansas. In 1878 he relocated to Dodge City, Kansas to join his brothers in the booming town. While there he became city marshal and furthered his reputation throughout the west. It was also during this time while hunting down an outlaw that he met the famous Doc Holliday, who apparently saved Wyatt Earps life and the two became good friends. They reunited when Wyatt Earp relocated to Tombstone, AZ in 1879 to seek new fortune.Doc Holliday was a dentist from Georgia, however at the young age of 21 he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. In 1874 he decided to move out west with hopes that the warmer weather would ease his symptoms, yet more likely with intentions of seeking adventure in his final years. Moving to Dallas, Doc Holliday partook in gambling and numerous gunfight confrontations of which he excelled at both. He lived in New Mexico for a while, trying to re-establish his dentist practice yet was more engaged by drinking and gambling. After befriending Wyatt Earp he decided to join him at Tombstone, to seek a fortune for himself.
The Shootout and the Aftermath
The city of Tombstone, Arizona exploded by 1879 when silver was discovered in the region. It attracted visitors from all over the southwest seeking fortune, many of which were the outlaw Cochise Cowboys of the territory. These outlaws would often come into town to cash in on their smuggling from Mexico or various other robberies. The city became a boomtown of saloons, casinos, and brothels and attracted a very rowdy bunch. In 1879 the famous marshal Wyatt Earp arrived into town with his brothers, eager to put aside his lawman duties and find fortune thru gambling and business endeavors. It did not take long for them to find dispute with the local cowboy ranchers of the region.Wyatt's brother Virgil became marshal of the town rather quickly which strengthened the Earp brother's position in the town, yet also strengthened their enemies. They were quickly opposed by the Cochise County sheriff, Johnny Behan who saw them as northern Yankee folk in a land of former Confederates. Most of the confrontations took place in saloons where the cowboy outlaws such as Tom and Frank McLaury, Curly Bill Brocious, Johnny Ringo, and the Clanton brothers got in various scuffles and arguments with the Earp brothers. The tension got even worse when Virgil Earp passed an ordinance that disallowed firearms in town.
The tension finally hit it's boiling point after a late game of poker in which a belligerently drunk Ike Clanton beginning threatening to kill the Earp brothers. The next day he was joined by several of his gang members including Tom and Frank McLaury, Billy Claiborne, and Ike's younger brother Billy. The McLaury brothers refused to hand over their arms and went to collect Ike from the courthouse and regrouped at the O.K Corral. At this point the gang was fuming and ready to confront the Earp brothers. Meanwhile Marshal Virgil Earp knew he had to take action to disarm the gang for breaking the law. He gathered the support of his brothers Wyatt Earp and Morgan Earp and their friend Doc Holliday and the four went to confront the outlaws.
The aftermath of the gunfight was severe and resulted in an ambush of Virgil Warp by the cowboys which he barely survived. Then the murder of Morgan Earp who was shot thru a glass window while playing billiards at a saloon by an unidentified shooter. This resulted in the personal vendetta of Wyatt Earp who took his brother's place a Marshall. Wyatt Earp then went on a hunting spree for the Cochise Cowboys with his pal Doc Holliday and several federal agents. For nearly a month Earp's posse searched Cochise county for guilty culprits and members of the cowboy gang. By the end of it all they had killed 4 cowboy members, including Curly Bill Brocious. Wyatt Earp was later accused of acting outside the law and hunted by his longtime enemy sheriff Behan to be arrested. At this point Wyatt Earp ended his vendetta and fled to New Mexico and later relocated in Colorado. Despite having to leave town the Earp brothers established law-and-order in Tombstone and shortly after their vendetta, the Cochise Cowboys faded into diminishment.
Monday, August 9, 2021
2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics
I pretty much followed all the events throughout the two-week span as I usually do. These games were a little more tricky to follow since Tokyo is 13 hours ahead of eastern time. This basically meant that most of the events unfolded while most of America was asleep. However there still were some live events showcased during NBC's prime time coverage such as the swimming races. (These were held during the morning at Tokyo which seems kind of convenient for American broadcasting). Most of the big final events (such as in Track-and-Field) occurred at 7-8am, which I was luckily able to catch most live at work. Quite a few new sports made their debut at these games including surfing, skateboarding, sport-climbing, karate, 3-on-3 basketball, as well as various new mixed gender events. In this post I want to summarize and highlight the top stories of the games.
The Opening Ceremony
I actually caught the Opening Ceremony live at work, I believe it was a Friday morning, and then watched the Prime Time coverage later that evening. Right off hand I will say this was probably the most lackluster Olympic ceremony I have watched. However this was not Tokyo's fault yet rather due to Covid and the total lack of spectators in attendance. Without a full 100,000 fans, flashing their lights in the night sky just takes away some of that magical allure. The only people in the stadium were the performers and the athletes (which still probably made for a good 15,000 or so).Yet even despite the lack of attendance, the performances were all-in-all quite mundane. Compared to the last 3 summer Olympics, where I was completely awe-inspired by the grand-scale demonstrations that was just not the case for Tokyo. This included a punk piano player and a samurai in elaborate dress walking around the stage. Some of the highlights included the drones forming the globe and the pictogram sequence (since Japan invented this iconic Olympic sport symbols they recreated each one on stage). Also worthy of mention was the Japanese tennis star, Naomi Osaka lighting the Olympic cauldron. This of course had to be a great honor for her, as she had recently been battling mental health and withdrew from the French Open and Wimbledon.
Swimming
Just like with most Olympics, the rowing and swimming events are the first games we see unfold. What I thought was quite peculiar how most of the swimming events were broadcast live during the eastern time hours. This made for some early races in Tokyo time, and surely was scheduled with America in mind. I suppose it's probably reasonable though considering America has usually dominated the event with the superstar names such as Michael Phelps and Katie Ledecky. This was the first time in 5 Olympic games that the most decorated Olympian, Phelps would not be partaking. However this gave way to the rise of new stars such as Caeleb Dressel, Lydia Jacoby, and Bobby Fincke.Female superstar Katie Ledecky got off to a slow start when she was beaten by the Australian Titmus in the 400m freestyle. However she then collected another silver and two golds in the 800m and 1500m freestyle (she has won gold in this event for the past 3 games now). Ledecky added 4 medals in this game for a resounding total of 10 medals making her the most decorated female Olympic swimmer of all time. At the young age of 24 she certainly has a few more games in her future and could continue to set an incredible benchmark for female athletes. Lilly King from IU also made a great showing at these games, by adding 3 more medals to her total collection of 5 now.
In the men's swimming it appeared Phelp's had a clear heir apparent and that was Caeleb Dressel. He won an incredible 5 gold medals in the 50m, 100m freestyle, 100m butterfly, 4x100 freestyle, and 4x100 medley. He also set several world records at these races including the 100m butterfly. He became the undisputed breakout superstar of these games, and just like Ledecky he is only 24 with a very promising future ahead of him. Other notable performances by the male swimmers were Ryan Murphy who won 3 medals and Bobby Fink who won 2 golds in the long distance 800m and 1500m freestyle.
Gymnastics
The biggest shock of these Olympic games came early on when superstar Simone Biles decided to drop out of the majority of her competitions. Her reasoning was due to mental health and what she referred to in gymnast terms as the "twisties". Basically she had lost total confidence in her abilities which was especially dangerous when performing tumbling in the air. This was very heartbreaking to see Biles, who was the American face of the Olympics succumb to the pressure. She was on the precipice of collecting 5 more gold medals to surmount her legacy. She still managed to gather two more medals giving her a total of 7 (Larisa Latynina holds the record for most Olympic medals in gymnastics at 18). Despite her lack of medals at these most prestigious of games, Biles still has enough gold medals in other world events to lay claim to the status of female gymnast GOAT.As soon as Biles dropped out of most her events, it brought new light and attention to her teammates. One of these new breakout stars was 18 year old Sunni Lee who won gold in the all-around individual event (which now makes for a 4 year streak that an American has won this medal). Other medalists included a gold performance in the floor exercise by Jade Carrey and a silver medal in vault by MyKala Skinner. The women's American team won silver defeated by the Russian team. Another breakout star of the female gymnasts was Brazilian Rebecca Andrade who won Brazil's first ever gold medal in gymnastics. Daiki Hashimoto was the breakout star for the men winning 2 golds and a silver for Japan.
Track-and-Field
The Olympics are really about the only time I get to watch the top performers in Track-and-Field, the sport that I once competed in high school. It's such a very exciting sport, every event from the sprints, the long distance runs, the relays, and all the field events of the jumps and the throws. Its by far my favorite sport in the Olympic games and I usually watch it far more than the others. This time I even watched a lot of the trials and qualifications for the events. Below I'll include the medalists and each event's results like I did for Rio.For me the top performance was by Sydney McLaughlin who won gold in the 400m hurdles at a new world record. She defeated her compatriot Dalilah Muhammad in a very close race, the most exciting race of the games. Coincidentally the men's 400m hurdles was also very exciting with also a new world record set by Norwegian Karsten Warholm. In the glorious sprints, Jamaican sprinter Elaine Thompson-Herah defended her golds in the 100m and 200m dash. The most surprising result was to see sprinter Marcell Jacobs win gold for Italy in the 100m dash (the result had been won by Americans or Jamaicans since 1996). Italy collected a very impressive 5 gold medals in the athletic events.
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | 7 | 12 | 7 | 26 |
2 | Italy | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
3 | Kenya | 4 | 4 | 2 | 10 |
4 | Poland | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
5 | Jamaica | 4 | 1 | 4 | 9 |
6 | Netherlands | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
7 | China | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
8 | Canada | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
9 | Uganda | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
10 | Norway | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Sweden | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Women Events
Soccer
Tennis
I was really hoping Naomi Osaka could win gold for her host nation after lighting the Olympic cauldron at the opening ceremony. She had skipped out of the French Open and Wimbledon due to mental health, but now appeared ready to return to her dominant form. However she did not go far into the tournament and was defeated in the second round. Belinda Bencic won gold in the women's singles. As for the men, it seemed Novak Djokovic would have been the untouchable favorite to not only win the gold but achieve the Golden Slam (winning all four grand slams and an olympic medal in the same year). He however was defeated in the semi-finals by German Alexander Zverev who went on to win gold against Russian Karen Khachanov. Djokovic did not even medal and was defeated in the bronze match by Spanish Pablo Carreno Busta.Volleyball
Since last games at Rio I've really come to enjoy the excitement of the volleyball games (both indoor and beach). The superstars for the American beach team were April Ross and Alix Klineman, who did not disappoint and easily won the gold. This is April Ross' 3rd Olympic medal having won silver in London and bronze at Rio. The American women also won gold in the indoor event for the first time ever. The American men did not fare so well at the games and did not medal at all in volleyball. Norway won the gold in men's beach volleyball while France won the gold in the indoor event.Badminton and Table Tennis
My new favorite sport to watch at these games was the badminton and table tennis events. This was probably because it was about the most accessible sport airing during my work shift. For badminton I found the rallies and tactics to be extremely interesting. I was so impressed at how hard they would hit the shuttlecock and the long sequences they would have. The duo events were especially exciting to see the pairs work together. At one point a player broker her racket and ran to the sideline to get a spare and still somehow they won the point. Table tennis was similarly exiting with the hard service and long rallies. China dominated most of these events, edging out Japan.Closing Ceremony and Final Medal Count
The closing ceremony was about as dull as the opening ceremony, once again due to the lack of an audience. I remember the Rio closing ceremony was about as spectacular as it's opening ceremony, in what seemed to be an endless party. That was not the case for Tokyo, and only a fraction of the athletes attended the ceremony. It included the usual national anthem, the united parade of nations, and the lowering of the Olympic Flag. The most anticipated part of the show for me is to see a demo from the future Olympic hosts. However Paris did not even show up to the event and instead provided a video of their city on full display. While the video was cool and exciting I was disappointed that the French snubbed Tokyo in person (and don't think Covid was a valid excuse). Nonetheless the Olympic flame was put out and after two weeks the Tokyo games came to a conclusion.
Rank | Team | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | 39 | 41 | 33 | 113 |
2 | China | 38 | 32 | 18 | 88 |
3 | Japan* | 27 | 14 | 17 | 58 |
4 | Great Britain | 22 | 21 | 22 | 65 |
5 | ROC | 20 | 28 | 23 | 71 |
6 | Australia | 17 | 7 | 22 | 46 |
7 | Netherlands | 10 | 12 | 14 | 36 |
8 | France | 10 | 12 | 11 | 33 |
9 | Germany | 10 | 11 | 16 | 37 |
10 | Italy | 10 | 10 | 20 | 40 |
11 | Canada | 7 | 6 | 11 | 24 |
12 | Brazil | 7 | 6 | 8 | 21 |
13 | New Zealand | 7 | 6 | 7 | 20 |
14 | Cuba | 7 | 3 | 5 | 15 |
15 | Hungary | 6 | 7 | 7 | 20 |
16 | South Korea | 6 | 4 | 10 | 20 |
17 | Poland | 4 | 5 | 5 | 14 |
18 | Czech Republic | 4 | 4 | 3 | 11 |
19 | Kenya | 4 | 4 | 2 | 10 |
20 | Norway | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
21 | Jamaica | 4 | 1 | 4 | 9 |
22 | Spain | 3 | 8 | 6 | 17 |
23 | Sweden | 3 | 6 | 0 | 9 |
24 | Switzerland | 3 | 4 | 6 | 13 |
25 | Denmark | 3 | 4 | 4 | 11 |
26 | Croatia | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
27 | Iran | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
28 | Serbia | 3 | 1 | 5 | 9 |
29 | Belgium | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
30 | Bulgaria | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
31 | Slovenia | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
32 | Uzbekistan | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
33 | Georgia | 2 | 5 | 1 | 8 |
34 | Chinese Taipei | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 |
35 | Turkey | 2 | 2 | 9 | 13 |
36 | Greece | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Uganda | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |
38 | Ecuador | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
39 | Ireland | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
Israel | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | |
41 | Qatar | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
42 | Bahamas | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Kosovo | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
44 | Ukraine | 1 | 6 | 12 | 19 |
45 | Belarus | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
46 | Romania | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
Venezuela | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | |
48 | India | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
49 | Hong Kong | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
50 | Philippines | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Slovakia | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | |
52 | South Africa | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
53 | Austria | 1 | 1 | 5 | 7 |
54 | Egypt | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
55 | Indonesia | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
56 | Ethiopia | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
Portugal | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
58 | Tunisia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
59 | Estonia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Fiji | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Latvia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Thailand | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
63 | Bermuda | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Morocco | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Puerto Rico | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
66 | Colombia | 0 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
67 | Azerbaijan | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
68 | Dominican Republic | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
69 | Armenia | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
70 | Kyrgyzstan | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
71 | Mongolia | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
72 | Argentina | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
San Marino | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
74 | Jordan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Malaysia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Nigeria | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
77 | Bahrain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Lithuania | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Namibia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
North Macedonia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Saudi Arabia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Turkmenistan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
83 | Kazakhstan | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8 |
84 | Mexico | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
85 | Finland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
86 | Botswana | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Burkina Faso | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Ghana | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Grenada | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Ivory Coast | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Kuwait | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Moldova | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Syria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (93 teams) | 340 | 338 | 402 | 1080 |